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Table 2 Tick-borne pathogens of parasitic and bacterial origin detected in free-ranging raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in their native and introduced range

From: Invasive raccoon (Procyon lotor) and raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) as potential reservoirs of tick-borne pathogens: data review from native and introduced areas

TBPs

Species/genospecies

Locality

Prevalence

Diagnostic test

References

Babesia/Theileria spp.

B. microti-like

South Korea-native

3/14 (21.4%)

PCR

[80]

B. microti

South Korea-native

0/23

PCR

[81]

B. microti-likea

Austria-introduced

5/8 (62.5%)

PCR

[28]

Theileria sp.

South Korea-native

0/15

PCR

[82]

Borrelia spp.

B. afzelii

Poland-introduced

2/28 (25%)

PCR

[84]

B. garinii

 

5/28 (62.5%)

  

B. valaisiana

 

1/28 (12.5%)

  

B. theileri

South Korea-native

1/142 (0.7%)

PCR

[22]

Rickettsia spp.

R. japonica

Japan-native

0/30

IFAT

[85]

R. tsutsugamushi

 

0/30

  

R. japonica

South Korea-native

11/36 (30.5%)

IFAT

[86]

R. typhi

 

15/36 (41.6%)

  

Rickettsia sp.

South Korea-native

0/ 15

PCR

[82]

Bartonella spp.

Bartonella sp.

Japan-native

0/171

PCR

[69]

B. henselae

South Korea-native

2/142 (1.5%)

PCR

[22]

B. rochalimae

Japan-native

44/619 (7.1%)

PCR

[88]

Anaplasma spp.

A. phagocytophilum

Germany-introduced

3/13 (23.2%)

PCR

[89]

Anaplasma sp.

Austria-introduced

0/8

PCR

[28]

Anaplasma sp.

Czech Republic-introduced

0/7

PCR

[6]

A. bovis

South Korea-native

1/15 (6.6%)

PCR

[82]

A. phagocytophilum

Poland-introduced

0/10 (30%)

PCR

[74]

A. phagocytophilum

A. bovis

South Korea-native

2/193 (1%)

4/193 (2.1%)

PCR

[22]

A. phagocytophilum

Poland-introduced

24/68 (35.3%)

PCR

[90]

Ehrlichia spp.

Ehrlichia sp.

South Korea-native

0/15

PCR

[82]

E. canis

Austria-introduced

0/8

PCR

[28]

Ehrlichia sp.

Czech Republic-introduced

0/7

PCR

[6]

Candidatus Neoehrlichia spp.

Candidatus Neoehrlichia sp.

Austria-introduced

0/8

PCR

[28]

Candidatus Neoehrlichia sp.

Czech Republic-introduced

0/7

PCR

[6]

Candidatus Neoehrlichia sp. (FU98)

Poland-introduced

3/10 (30%)

PCR

[74]

  1. Prevalence and diagnostic test are included for each reference
  2. IFAT, indirect fluorescent antibody test, PCR, polymerase chain reaction
  3. aB. microti-like name was used for all sequences belonging to B. microti group and reported by authors as B. cf. microti
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Parasites & Vectors

ISSN: 1756-3305

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