From: Parasite contamination of soil in different Peruvian locations and outside built environments
Parasite | Entry | Latrine | Patio | Odds ratio | P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tingo María | ||||||
Any parasites | 13 | 11 | 20 | Latrine vs. entry | 1.41 (0.446–4.464) | 0.5587 |
Patio vs. entry | 3.297 (1.058–10.276) | *0.0397 | ||||
Latrine vs. patio | 0.428 (0.125–1.466) | 0.1766 | ||||
Any parasite not including Acanthamoeba | 10 | 8 | 16 | Latrine vs. entry | 1.2 (0.368–3.914) | 0.7625 |
Patio vs. entry | 2.618 (0.881–7.783) | 0.0834 | ||||
Latrine vs. patio | 0.458 (0.141–1.49) | 0.1946 | ||||
Helminths | 4 | 7 | 14 | Latrine vs. entry | 3.025 (0.767–11.932) | 0.1139 |
Patio vs. entry | 5.849 (1.64–20.858) | *0.0065 | ||||
Latrine vs. patio | 0.517 (0.158–1.693) | 0.2758 | ||||
Protozoa | 11 | 11 | 14 | Latrine vs. entry | 1.889 (0.591–6.04) | 0.2836 |
Patio vs. entry | 1.664 (0.571–4.853) | 0.3508 | ||||
Latrine vs. patio | 1.135 (0.356–3.621) | 0.8307 | ||||
Protozoa not including Acanthamoeba | 8 | 7 | 10 | Latrine vs. entry | 1.346 (0.393–4.612) | 0.6362 |
Patio vs. entry | 1.471 (0.474–4.563) | 0.5045 | ||||
Latrine vs. patio | 0.915 (0.274–3.057) | 0.8857 | ||||
Acanthamoeba species | 4 | 6 | 4 | Latrine vs. entry | 2.571 (0.617–10.708) | 0.1944 |
Patio vs. entry | 1.043 (0.233–4.673) | 0.9556 | ||||
Ancylostoma species | 0 | 1 | 1 | N/A | ||
Ascaris lumbricoides | 1 | 4 | 7 | Latrine vs. entry | 5.002 (0.687–36.395) | 0.1119 |
Patio vs. entry | 6.710 (1.027–43.844) | *0.0469 | ||||
Latrine vs. patio | 0.745 (0.190–2.922) | 0.6734 | ||||
Blastocystis species | 6 | 6 | 10 | Latrine vs. entry | 1.552 (0.423–5.688) | 0.5074 |
Patio vs. entry | 2.077 (0.637–6.769) | 0.2253 | ||||
Latrine vs. patio | 0.747 (0.219–2.549) | 0.6414 | ||||
Cryptosporidium species | 0 | 0 | 0 | N/A | ||
Entamoeba histolytica | 0 | 0 | 0 | N/A | ||
Giardia intestinalis | 2 | 2 | 0 | Latrine vs. entry | 5.002 (0.687–36.395) | 0.1119 |
Patio vs. entry | 0.193 (0.008–4.449) | 0.3039 | ||||
Latrine vs. patio | 0.745 (0.190–2.922) | 0.6734 | ||||
Necator americanus | 0 | 0 | 0 | N/A | ||
Strongyloides stercoralis | 1 | 4 | 5 | Latrine vs. entry | 2.891 (0.529–15.793) | 0.2203 |
Patio vs. entry | 2.591 (0.510–13.170) | 0.251 | ||||
Latrine vs. patio | 1.116 (0.267–4.658) | 0.8806 | ||||
Taenia solium | 0 | 0 | 0 | N/A | ||
Toxocara canis | 0 | 0 | 1 | N/A | ||
Trichuris trichiura | 1 | 1 | 2 | Latrine vs. entry | 1.410 (0.130–15.329) | 0.7777 |
Patio vs. entry | 1.797 (0.213–15.160) | 0.5899 | ||||
Latrine vs. patio | 0.785 (0.091–6.772) | 0.8254 | ||||
Andabamba/Marabamba | ||||||
Any parasites | 11 | 8 | 13 | Latrine vs. entry | 0.95 (0.17–5.305) | 0.9536 |
Patio vs. entry | 1.174 (0.244–5.656) | 0.8415 | ||||
Latrine vs. Patio | 0.809 (0.148–4.438) | 0.8076 | ||||
Any parasite not including Acanthamoeba | 11 | 8 | 9 | Latrine vs. entry | 0.95 (0.17–5.306) | 0.9538 |
Patio vs. entry | 0.437 (0.1–1.91) | 0.2714 | ||||
Latrine vs. patio | 2.174 (0.434–10.891) | 0.3451 | ||||
Helminths | 2 | 0 | 1 | Latrine vs. entry | 0.235 (0.009–6.173) | 0.3849 |
Patio vs. entry | 0.491 (0.054–4.491) | 0.5287 | ||||
Latrine vs. patio | 0.478 (0.016–14.637) | 0.6725 | ||||
Protozoa | 11 | 8 | 13 | Latrine vs. entry | 0.95 (0.17–5.305) | 0.9536 |
Patio vs. entry | 1.174 (0.244–5.656) | 0.8415 | ||||
Latrine vs. patio | 0.809 (0.148–4.438) | 0.8076 | ||||
Protozoa not including Acanthamoeba | 10 | 8 | 9 | Latrine vs. entry | 1.346 (0.393–4.612) | 0.6362 |
Patio vs, entry | 1.471 (0.474–4.563) | 0.5045 | ||||
Latrine vs. patio | 2.173 (0.434–10.89) | 0.3451 | ||||
Acanthamoeba species | 1 | 4 | 8 | Latrine vs. entry | 5.799 (0.695–48.424) | 0.1045 |
Patio vs. entry | 8.648 (1.194–62.639) | *0.0327 | ||||
Latrine vs. patio | 0.671 (0.143–3.154) | 0.6129 | ||||
Ancylostoma species | 0 | 0 | 1 | N/A | ||
Ascaris lumbricoides | 1 | 0 | 0 | N/A | ||
Blastocystis species | 10 | 8 | 9 | Latrine vs. entry | 1.272 (0.237–6.833) | 0.7789 |
Patio vs. entry | 0.585 (0.140–2.443) | 0.4626 | ||||
Latrine vs. patio | 2.173 (0.434–10.890) | 0.3451 | ||||
Cryptosporidium species | 0 | 0 | 0 | N/A | ||
Entamoeba histolytica | 0 | 0 | 0 | N/A | ||
Giardia intestinalis | 1 | 1 | 1 | Latrine vs. entry | 1.381 (0.114–16.679) | 0.7996 |
Patio vs. entry | 0.879 (0.076–10.121) | 0.9175 | ||||
Latrine vs. patio | 1.571 (0.132–18.767) | 0.721 | ||||
Necator americanus | 0 | 0 | 0 | N/A | ||
Strongyloides stercoralis | 0 | 0 | 0 | N/A | ||
Taenia solium | 0 | 0 | 0 | N/A | ||
Toxocara canis | 1 | 0 | 0 | N/A | ||
Trichuris trichiura | 1 | 0 | 0 | N/A |